Golden Research Thoughts
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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANXIETY BETWEEN
SPORTS AND NON SPORTS WOMEN
MAHENDRA KUMAR SINGH AND ARVIND BAHADUR SINGH
Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, G.G. Vishwavidalaya.,
(A Central University), Bilaspur,, (C.G.)
Abstract:
The purpose of the study was to compare the anxiety level between
sportswomen and non- sportswomen. One hundred subjects were randomly selected
from Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur (C.G.).The sample Consisted of 50 P.G.
students who were studying in one or other P.G. course and has participated in Sports
activities at different levels of competition. The non-sportswomen sample was consisted
of those Students who were studying in different P.G. Courses and did not participated in
any sports activities. The Sinha's Comprehensive anxiety scale was administered to
collect the data. The data collected from two groups were analysed by using't' test. The
independent variables of study were Sportswomen and Non-sportswomen whereas the
dependent Variable was Sinha's Anxiety Questionnaire. The Study carried out by
researcher reveals that anxiety behaviour manifested by situational factor but
sportswomen and non-sportswomen chosen for this study were coming from the rural
and poverty background, these factor made them to cultivate the sustainable ability and
managing skills among the sportswomen and non- sportswomen of the university
KEY WORDS:
Sportswomen, Non-sportswomen and Anxiety.
INTRODUCATION
Anxiety is one of the most common psychological disorders in school-aged children and
adolescents worldwide (Costello, Mustillo, Erkanli, Keeler &Angold, 2003). The prevalence rates range
from 4.0% to 25.0%, with an average rate of 8.0% (Bernstein &Borchardt, 1991; Boyd, Kostanski,
Gullone, Ollendick&Shek, 2000). These figures could be underestimated since anxiety among a large
number of children and adolescents goes undiagnosed owing to the internalized nature of its symptoms
(Tomb & Hunter, 2004). Anxiety is associated with substantial negative effects on children's social,
emotional and academic success (Essau, Conradt & Petermann, 2000). Specific effects include poor social
and coping skills, often leading to avoidance of social interactions (Albano, Chorpita& Barlow, 2003;
Weeks, Coplan & Kingsbury, 2009), loneliness, low self-esteem, perceptions of social rejection, and
difficulty forming friendships (Bokhorst, Goossens& De Ruyter, 2001; Weeks et al., 2009 Importantly,
school avoidance, decreased problem-solving abilities, and lower academic achievement have also been
noted as consequences (Donovan & Spence, 2000; McLoone, Hudson & Rapee, 2006; Rapee, Kennedy,
Ingram, Edwards & Sweeney, 2005). Anxiety is considered to be a universal phenomenon existing across
cultures, although its contexts and manifestations are influenced by cultural beliefs and practices (Good &
Kleinman, 1985; Guarnaccia, 1997):
The pressure experienced by players especially at a professional level is recognized as influencing.playing performance. Heavy playing schedules, competition for team places, the media and fans as well as
the pressure to win trophies all play a part in players developing high stress and anxiety levels. Even
experienced players can suffer from pre-match anxiety. Developing ways to control this is important in
order to prevent players from 'falling' apart. And anxiety level will be decided byindividual life style and
social environment.
Anxiety is a physiological response to a real or emarginated threat. It is a complex emotional state
characterized by a general fear or foreboding usually accompanied by tension. It is related to apprehension
and tear and is frequently associated with failure, either real or anticipated. It often has to do with interpersonal
relations and social situations. Feeling of rejection and insecurity are usually a part of anxiety.
According to Frost (1971), anxiety is “an uneasiness and feeling of foreboding often accompanied
by a strong desire to excel”. Hence, anxiety state arises from faulty adaptations to the stress and strains of
life and is caused by over actions in an attempt to meet these difficulties.
A discriminate analysis of self-ratings of college students having differential manifest anxiety,
by,Mukherjee (1969), has revealed that those with high scored on the manifest Anxiety scale tend to rate
themselves lower on perseverance and higher on perfection dimensions than those scoring low. A
multivariate analysis that the high group expressed an overall inferior self-image than the low group
Statement of problem:Previous research on the socio-demographic correlates of anxiety reveals wellestablished
relationships with gender and socioeconomic status, but little evidence of consideration of
school type. Gender effects for anxiety disorders and symptoms have been found in studies of children and
adolescents in English -speaking countries. The purpose of the study was to assess the anxiety level
between the sportswomen non-sportswomen of Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidayalya, Bilaspur,(C.G.).
HYPOTHESIS:
It was hypothesised that there would not be any significant difference of anaxiety between sports
women and non-sports women of Guru GhasidasVishwavidayalya, Bilaspur,(C.G.).
OBJECTIVES:
To assess the anxiety behaviour of the sportswomen and non- sportswomen.
Limitations:
1. This study was limited to measure the level of anxiety among the sportswomen and non-sportswomen.
2. This study was limited to the sportswomen and non-sportswomen of Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidayalya,
Bilaspur, (C.G.).
Delimitation:
The sports and non-sportswomen belong to different socio-economic status which was a
delimitation of this study.
Significance of the Study: This study may help the educationist to understand the anxiety level of students
who are active and non-active sports women.
Selected Variables:
Independent: Sportswomen and Non-sportswomen.
Dependent Variable- Anxiety behaviour.
METHDOLOGY
Tools:
The Sinha's Comprehensive anxiety scale was administered on P.G. Students; who were
sportswomen and non-sport women. The sample consisted of 50 P.G. students who were studying in one or
other P.G. course and has participated inSports activities at different levels of competition. The nonsportswomen
sample consisted of those Students who were studying in different P.G. Courses and did not
participated in any sports activities.Statistical Analysis: To know the significant difference of anxiety behaviour between the sportswomen and
non-sports women; mean, variance, standard deviation and't' ratio were calculated. The results are
discussed as follows:
The mean scores and standard deviation of sportswomen and non-sports women were 45.3, 2.62
and 43.3 & 2.72 respectively which shows that there is not much or little deviation in the anxiety level of
sportswomen and non-sportswomen. Both non-sports and sportswomen showed almost same level of
anxiety behaviour. When these scores were subjected to't' test, the acquired' value was 0.012 which was
lower than 't' table value at 0.05 level and therefore it reveals that there is no difference in anxiety behaviour
of sportswomen and non- sportswomen. Hence formulated hypothesis was rejected. This may be due to the
fact that the respondents consisted to sportswomen and non-sportswomen are coming from rural areas they
are exposed to various activities and faced lot of problem to pursuing their degree and education and
hardworking nature made them to sustain stress and manage anxiety behaviour effectively when they
exposed to situation.
CONCLUSION:
The Study carried out by the researchers reveals that anxiety behaviour may be manifested by
situational factor but sportswomen and non-sportswomen chosen for this study were coming from the rural
and poverty background, these factor made them to cultivate the sustainable ability and managing skills
among the sportswomen and non- sportswomen of the university.
RECOMMENDATION:
1. It is recommended that a similar study may be conducted on major population of university students in
India.
2. This study may help to reduce the anxiety level of student studying in professional courses.
REFERENCES
1.Easterbrooks, M. A. & Goldberg, W. A. (1985). Effects of Early Maternal Employment on
Toddlers, Mothers, and Fathers. Developmental Psychology, 21, pp.774-783.
2.Ericksen, J., Yancey, W. & Ericksen, E. (1979). The Division of Family Roles, Journal of Marriage and
the Family, 41, pp.301-313.ces
3. Bryant J.Cratty (1989) Psychology in Contemporary Sports.
4. Connell, K.(1977) The Influence of Competition on Anxiety Levels of Women's Inter-Collegiate
Basketball Players. Paper Presented at the Research Section of Annual Meeting of the American Alliance
for Health, Physical Education and Recreation, Seattle, March.
5. Cooper, L (1969) Athletic, Activity and Personality; A Review of the Literature. Research quarterly, 40,
pp.17-82, March.
Golden Research Thoughts • Volume 2 Issue 7 • Jan 2013 3
Table-1
Mean, SD and‘t’ Value of Anxiety Behaviour of Sportswomen and Non-Sportswomen
To view a Site...http://www.aygrt.isrj.net/UploadedData/1391.pdf
